Total auricular reconstruction for microtia and other deformities of the auricular in hospitals of the IMSS Bienestar program

Background: Microtia is the most frequent craniofacial deformity. There is no program report that treats this problem of craniofacial integrity. Objective: We propose an innovative and reproducible surgical treatment in two surgical stages. We consider that synchondrosis 6 and 7 contralateral to the defect, to form the cartilaginous framework, is the best option. Material and methods: An observational, descriptive, retrospective study was carried out, documenting the patients operated on from the second semester of 2009 to the second semester of 2023. The variables of site, number of operated patients, age, sex, diagnosis, considering the Tanzer classification, and side of the defect. Results: The auricular defect was presented more frequently on the right side in 58.4%, and the predominant sex was male in 68.60%. Of the 212 auricular reconstructions performed with this technique, 162 patients (76.4%) completed their treatment with a second reconstruction time. 6 patients (2.8%) presented complications in the first reconstruction time: three cartilage extrusions, two pneumothorax, and one with skin flap lysis in the conchal area. Conclusions: This innovative auricular reconstruction technique allows optimal and reproducible results, with minimums complications with adequate projection of the auricular structures to be reconstructed by the form of the synchondrosis suggested for the cartilaginous framework.